List of anti-Jewish laws/restrictions in Nazi Germany 1933–1943
(based on: Joseph Walk (ed.): The special rights for Jews in the Nazi state. A collection of legal measures and guidelines – content and meaning, Heidelberg, Karlsruhe 1981)
I. Phase
31.01.1933 – 15.09.1935
From the seizure of power to the adoption of the Nuremberg Laws
28.02.33 Reich President's Decree “On the Protection of the People and the State”
24.03.33 Law “On the Remedy of the People and the Reich” (“Permitting Act”): “Art. 2: Laws passed by the government may deviate from the imperial constitution”.
07.04.33 Law “On the Restoration of Professional Civil Service”:
“§ 3: (1) Civil servants of non-Aryan origin resign”.
22.04.33 Resolution on the admission of doctors to the National Health Insurance Service: a ban on professional activity for Jewish doctors of compulsory health insurance.
15.09.35 Adoption of the Nuremberg Laws. Law “On the Reich citizen”. Art. 1, 3: “Citizens of the Reich are only citizens of German or related blood”. “A citizen of the Reich is the only bearer of political rights”.
15.09.35 Law “On the protection of German blood and German honor”:
“§ 1: Marriages between Jews and citizens of German or related blood are prohibited. Marriages contracted despite this are invalid. [...]”
“§ 2: Extramarital relations between Jews and subjects of German or related blood are prohibited.”
“§ 3: Jews are prohibited from employing female citizens of German or related blood under the age of 45 in their households.”.
II. Phase
15.09.1935 – 09.11.1938
From the Nuremberg Laws to the November Pogrom
30.09.35 All Jews within the meaning of the Reich Citizen Law who are still judges and prosecutors are immediately placed on leave until further notice.
12.12.35 Prohibition of “individual actions against Jews.” Anti-Jewish measures are permitted only with the express consent of the government or under the direction of the party.
26.06.36 Law “On Amendments to military law”: A Jew cannot serve in the military. Mixed-race Jews cannot become commanders in the Wehrmacht.
04.10.36 The conversion of Jews to Christianity has no bearing on the racial question.
28.03.38 Law “On legal relations of Jewish religious associations”: from April 1, 1938, Jewish cultural societies and their associations will be deprived of the status of public law corporations.
22.06.38 Jews are housed separately from others in hospitals because “the danger of racial desecration must be effectively countered”.
17.08.38 “Jews are required to use the additional names “Israel” or “Sarah” from 01.01.39”.
05.10.38 Passports of German Jews become invalid. Foreign passports become valid again after being stamped with a “J”.
III. Phase
10.11.1938 – 1.09.1939
From the November Pogrom to the Beginning of World War II and the First Deportations
11.11.38 “Jews are prohibited from purchasing, storing, and carrying firearms and ammunition for them, as well as chopping and impact weapons.”.
12.11.38 Decree on the “redemption” of German Jews in the amount of one billion Reichsmarks.
I. Order on the exclusion of Jews from the economic life of Germany: “From January 1, 1939, Jews are prohibited from engaging in retail trade, sending goods, accepting orders, and also from engaging in independent crafts.”
15.11.38 “Jews are forbidden from attending German schools. They are only allowed to attend Jewish schools.”
19.11.38 “If Jews need help, they should be referred to the Jewish Independent Social Service.”
03.12.38 Jews' driver's licenses and vehicle registration certificates were declared invalid and ordered to be surrendered.
05.12.38 “Precautions against circumvention of currency laws: To prevent the flight of Jewish capital, planned security of Jewish assets should be sought.”
28.01.39 “Jews are forbidden to sell in the markets.”
15.03.39 “The illegal emigration of Jews must be stopped immediately. The refugees and their helpers must be arrested and sent to concentration camps.”
30.04.39 Law “On Renting Housing with Jews”: Jews do not enjoy any legal protection as tenants against a non-Jewish owner. Preparations for the unification of Jewish families in “Jewish homes.”
IV. Phase
01.09.1939 – 16.02.1945
From the beginning of World War II to the extermination of German and European Jews
25.09.39 Jews are forbidden to leave their homes after 8:00 p.m.
October 1939 “All Jews who fail to immediately comply with any instructions or who display behavior harmful to the state must be immediately arrested and sent to a concentration camp.”
23.07.40 “The Aryanization of Jewish business must be completed by the end of the year.”
04.03.41 Employment of Jews: “To minimize contact with the population, Jewish workers should be placed in camps.”
01.09.41 Police regulation on the identification of Jews: “From September 15, 1941, Jews who have reached the age of six are prohibited from appearing in public without a Jewish star. Jews are prohibited from leaving their place of residence without written permission from the police, and from wearing medals, orders or other insignia.”
23.10.41 “Secret! Emigration of Jews from Germany is prohibited without exception during the war.”
24.10.41 “Persons of German blood who publicly demonstrate friendly relations with Jews must be temporarily taken under protection for educational reasons.”
04.11.41 “Jews who do not work in economically important companies will be deported to the eastern regions in the next few months. The assets of Jews subject to deportation will be confiscated for the benefit of the German Reich.”
13.11.41 “All typewriters, calculating machines, mimeographs, bicycles, cameras and binoculars privately owned by Jews must be recorded and handed over.”
17.02.42 Jews are prohibited from receiving newspapers, magazines, legal and regulatory bulletins by mail, publishers, or street vendors.
13.03.42 Jews are ordered to mark their apartments with a black Jewish star on the front door.
10.07.42 “Sending money and gifts of any kind and form to deportees is prohibited.”
18.09.42 The supply of meat, meat products, eggs, milk, and other selected food products to Jews has been stopped. Food rations for Jewish children are being reduced.
In early November 1942, “all concentration camps in the Reich must be liberated from Jews, and all Jews must be deported to Auschwitz and Lublin.”
16.02.45 “If the seizure of documents whose subject is anti-Jewish activity is impossible, they must be destroyed so as not to fall into the hands of the enemy.”